I. TYPES OF ROAD
Roads may be classified as:
Private Drive Pathways:
These are roads owned, maintained or controlled by an individual, agency or organization.
Two-Lane Highways:
These are the usual single carriageways. Traffic on two-lane highways normally flow in opposite direction on single lane. Two-lane
highways may be rural, urban, intra or intercity roads.
- Private drive pathways
- Two-lane highways
- Dual carriageways
- Expressway
Private Drive Pathways:
These are roads owned, maintained or controlled by an individual, agency or organization.
Two-Lane Highways:
These are the usual single carriageways. Traffic on two-lane highways normally flow in opposite direction on single lane. Two-lane
highways may be rural, urban, intra or intercity roads.
Dual Carriageway:
This is a road which has multiple lanes with traffic going in opposite direction. They may or may not be physically separated by non-passable dividers such as concrete barrier.
This is a road which has multiple lanes with traffic going in opposite direction. They may or may not be physically separated by non-passable dividers such as concrete barrier.
Dual Carriageway
Expressways:
This is a specially designed and restricted highway divided with barriers which make traffic in opposite directions completely separated from each other.
This is a specially designed and restricted highway divided with barriers which make traffic in opposite directions completely separated from each other.
II. INTERCHANGES
An interchange is a special intersection designed to enable road users cross, enter or leave the expressway without interfering with the flow of traffic.- Private drive pathways
- Two-lane highways
- Dual carriageways
- Expressway
Clover leaf interchange is designed to allow turning movement off or into the expressway from four directions using loop type connections. It eliminates left turn and traffic conflicts for all movements.
Diamond
A diamond interchange has four ramps, allowing vehicles to enter or leave the main highway while flowing with the traffic. Left turns are made after leaving the expressway.
Trumpet
A diamond interchange has four ramps, allowing vehicles to enter or leave the main highway while flowing with the traffic. Left turns are made after leaving the expressway.
Trumpet
Trumpet interchanges provide access to the expressway at a 'T' intersection.
Directional
Directional interchange are used where high volume traffic desire to transfer off an interchange.
III. ROAD JUNCTIONS
A junction is the place where two or more roads meet.
A. T -Junction
This is a place where two roads meet in the shape of letter T.
This is a place where two roads meet in the shape of letter T.
B. Y-Junction
This is a place where two roads meet in the form of letter Y.
This is a place where two roads meet in the form of letter Y.
C. Cross Road
A cross road is the place where two roads meet and cross each other. It could be in the form of:
A cross road is the place where two roads meet and cross each other. It could be in the form of:
- A major road crossing a minor road; or
- Two equal roads crossing each other.
D. Roundabout
A place where two or more roads meet, forming a circle that ensures that all traffic must go around in the same direction.
Rules of Using Round-about
When approaching a roundabout:
A place where two or more roads meet, forming a circle that ensures that all traffic must go around in the same direction.
Rules of Using Round-about
When approaching a roundabout:
- Watch out for traffic already on it
- Take special care to look out for cyclist or motorcyclist ahead or to the side
- Give way to traffic on your left unless road marking indicates otherwise
- Keep moving if the way is clear
How to Negotiate a Round-about
When turning right:
Approach on the right-hand lane; keep to that lane in the roundabout and leave by the lane. Use the right turn indicator on approach and through the roundabout.
When going straight:
Approach on the right-hand lane; keep on that lane in the roundabout. Use the right turn indicator at the exit before the one to be taken.
If conditions dictate (fir example, if the right lane is blocked) aproach in the left hand lane, keep to thatlane in the roundabout.
You must signal your intention here to turn right. Enter with the left signal on.
When turning left:
Approach in the left hand lane; use the left turn indicator before entering the roundabout and maintain this signal while keeping to the left-hand lane. On approaching a round-about, maintain it until you leave the area.
When making a U-turn:
Leaving the roundabout
When going forward or turning left, always leave the roundabout in the left-hand lane of the exit road, unless conditions dictate the use of right-hand lane.
Mind Other Vehicles
When in a roundabout, look out for vehicles crossing in front of you to leave by the next exit.
Going Through Intersection
Give way to traffic on the major road and drive through safely obeying posted signals like STOP or YIELD. Even if you are on the major road, always drive through the intersection as if other vehicles may be crossing or approaching.
Hazard lights, also known as Emergency lights or "double trafficators" are not meant to signify going straight or crossing intersection and should not be used as such. They are STRICTLY for emergencies!
When turning right:
Approach on the right-hand lane; keep to that lane in the roundabout and leave by the lane. Use the right turn indicator on approach and through the roundabout.
When going straight:
Approach on the right-hand lane; keep on that lane in the roundabout. Use the right turn indicator at the exit before the one to be taken.
If conditions dictate (fir example, if the right lane is blocked) aproach in the left hand lane, keep to thatlane in the roundabout.
You must signal your intention here to turn right. Enter with the left signal on.
When turning left:
Approach in the left hand lane; use the left turn indicator before entering the roundabout and maintain this signal while keeping to the left-hand lane. On approaching a round-about, maintain it until you leave the area.
When making a U-turn:
- Enter with the left signal on and keep going
- Before exit, change the signal to right
Leaving the roundabout
When going forward or turning left, always leave the roundabout in the left-hand lane of the exit road, unless conditions dictate the use of right-hand lane.
Mind Other Vehicles
When in a roundabout, look out for vehicles crossing in front of you to leave by the next exit.
Going Through Intersection
Give way to traffic on the major road and drive through safely obeying posted signals like STOP or YIELD. Even if you are on the major road, always drive through the intersection as if other vehicles may be crossing or approaching.
Hazard lights, also known as Emergency lights or "double trafficators" are not meant to signify going straight or crossing intersection and should not be used as such. They are STRICTLY for emergencies!